成長理論

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この書籍内でのthe key problem in the choice of capital intensity is the standard of livingの結果1 / 2件. <前へ次へ> -すべて表示

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THEOR Y OF GROWTH IN A SOCIALIST ECONOMY

the slope of the straight line BN. (The slope of a tangent at any

point of the curve BV must always be less than /k which, in turn

is less than 1ko, i.e. than the slope of BN; the slope of a tangent

to the curve BZ is in turn smaller than that of the tangent to the

curve BV corresponding to the same i.) The curve B"Y" obviously

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d Works of Mic

Growth and

著者: Michal Kalecki

the key problem in the choice

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cuts the i-axis at the point S corresponding to the point.S

Next we draw the "decision curve' D'K' which-according to the

preceding chapter-is the same as that used in the case of an

unlimited reserve of labour. The intersection of the two curves at

point P' shows the rate of productive accumulation at the begin-

ning of the period of 'recasting'; the projection of this point into

the curve BV yields the rate of growth r=OR at the beginning of

this period; and its projection on to the curve BZ, the average

rate of growth of consumption c. Finally, the slope of the straight

line joining the point R on curve BV with point F yields the

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capital-output ratio which should be adopted

The rate of productive accumulation and the rate of growth of

consumption are much lower than in the case of a large reserve

of labour. Indeed, in the latter case the rate of productive accu

mulation is determined by the point of intersection of the 'decision

curve' and the horizontal line B'N', and the rate of growth of

consumption-on the assumption of a return after some long

period to the initial rate of growth-by projecting this point on

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to the straight line BN.

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4. If we disregard the question of the level of consumption during

the period of 'recasting', the optimum solution is the case corre

sponding to the maximum S of the curve BZ, i.e. the capital-out

put ratio corresponding to the straight line FT. For in this way

we obtain the highest possible average rate of growth of consump-

tion over n years; this is tantamount to reaching the highest level

of consumption which may be achieved given the supply of labour

and the rate of growth α+β which will exist at the end of the

period of 'recasting'. Many authors, especially in the West, con

on which was even nick

named the 'golden rule'. However, it follows from our argument

that this solution is purely theoretical in character because the

key problem in the choice of capital intensity is the standard of

ving in the course of·recasting. The ascending ‘decision curve

which allows for this factor leads, as we saw above, to the

OXFORD

出版社: Clarendon Press.著作権

heir attention on this soluti

68

GROWTH THEORY

adoption of a much lower capital intensity and a lower average

rate of growth of consumption during the period of 'recasting

It may be the case, at least theoretically, that in the initial

position the capital intensity of aggregate productive capacity

corresponds to a point on the curve BZ situated to the right of

S; the curve BZ is thus downward sloping. The curve B"Z' in the

lower part of the diagram is then situated below the abscissa axis

and obviously cannot intersect the curve of decision to the right

of the initial position. This corresponds to the case, discussed

above (section 1 of this chapter) of non-fulfilment of the criterion

In this case it is definitely advantageous to 'recast aggregate

enuinment in rder to redure